Qt 6.8 Kruissamestelling vir Raspberry Pi Ingeboude sagteware

Inleiding

In 'n vorige reeks blogposte

Ek het geskryf oor die installering van Raspbian op Raspberry Compute Module en die opstel van kruissamestelling vir QtCreator op Ubuntu 20.

Hierdie blogpos is 'n opdatering van die - op hierdie tydstip - nuutste weergawe 6.8 van Qt, raspi OS Bookworm en Ubuntu 22.04 LTS.

Voorvereistes

Ek het die volgende harde- en sagteware gebruik:

Raspberry Pi 4
raspi OS Bookworm, sonder aanbevole sagteware
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
Qt 6.8
QtCreator 14.02

Notas

As jy 'n skootrekenaar of tafelrekenaar met genoeg RAM- en SVE-kerne het, kan jy die kruissamestelling in 'n virtuele masjien doen. Maar ek het die ervaring gemaak dat 'n inheemse rekenaar baie vinniger is en minder foute lewer.

Kyk na die lêerpaaie en ip-adresse in my kodevoorbeelde en pas dit aan by jou behoeftes.

Stel Raspberry Pi op

Laai raspiOS van https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/operating-systems af
2024-07-04-raspios-boekwurm-arm64.img.xz: 64bit met Raspberry Pi OS met lessenaar (nie met aanbevole sagteware nie)
Flits beeld na SD-kaart met Balena Etcher
Volg die installasie en moenie die instelling vir afstandverbinding (ssh) vergeet nie
Koppel aan die RPi met ssh -> in my geval na IP-adres 192.168.2.167 en gebruiker pi -> vanaf jou Ubuntu-gasheer

ssh pi@192.168.2.167

Installeer die nodige sagteware:

sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev libudev-dev libinput-dev libts-dev libmtdev-dev libjpeg-dev libfontconfig1-dev libssl-dev libdbus-1-dev libglib2.0-dev libxkbcommon-dev libegl1-mesa-dev libgbm-dev libgles2-mesa-dev mesa-common-dev libasound2-dev libpulse-dev gstreamer1.0-omx libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev  gstreamer1.0-alsa libvpx-dev libsrtp2-dev libsnappy-dev libnss3-dev "^libxcb.*" flex bison libxslt-dev ruby gperf libbz2-dev libcups2-dev libatkmm-1.6-dev libxi6 libxcomposite1 libfreetype6-dev libicu-dev libsqlite3-dev libxslt1-dev

sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libx11-dev freetds-dev libsqlite3-dev libpq-dev libiodbc2-dev firebird-dev libxext-dev libxcb1 libxcb1-dev libx11-xcb1 libx11-xcb-dev libxcb-keysyms1 libxcb-keysyms1-dev libxcb-image0 libxcb-image0-dev libxcb-shm0 libxcb-shm0-dev libxcb-icccm4 libxcb-icccm4-dev libxcb-sync1 libxcb-sync-dev libxcb-render-util0 libxcb-render-util0-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxrender-dev libxcb-shape0-dev libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-glx0-dev libxi-dev libdrm-dev libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xinerama0-dev libatspi2.0-dev libxcursor-dev libxcomposite-dev libxdamage-dev libxss-dev libxtst-dev libpci-dev libcap-dev libxrandr-dev libdirectfb-dev libaudio-dev libxkbcommon-x11-dev gdbserver

Maak 'n gids vir Qt 6-installasie:

sudo mkdir /usr/local/qt6

Ontdek weergawes van gcc, ld en ldd. Bronkode van dieselfde weergawe moet afgelaai word om later kruissamesteller te bou.

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ gcc --version
gcc (Debian 12.2.0-14) 12.2.0
Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ld --version
GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Debian) 2.40
Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is free software; you may redistribute it under the terms of
the GNU General Public License version 3 or (at your option) a later version.
This program has absolutely no warranty.

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ldd --version
ldd (Debian GLIBC 2.36-9+rpt2+deb12u8) 2.36
Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.

Voeg die volgende stuk kode aan die einde van ~/.bashrc en werk veranderinge op:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/qt6/lib/
source ~/.bashrc

Stel Ubuntu 22.04 LTS op

Dateer op na die nuutste weergawes van die sagtewarepakkette:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Installeer die volgende pakkette:

sudo apt-get install make build-essential libclang-dev ninja-build gcc git bison python3 gperf pkg-config libfontconfig1-dev libfreetype6-dev libx11-dev libx11-xcb-dev libxext-dev libxfixes-dev libxi-dev libxrender-dev libxcb1-dev libxcb-glx0-dev libxcb-keysyms1-dev libxcb-image0-dev libxcb-shm0-dev libxcb-icccm4-dev libxcb-sync-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxcb-shape0-dev libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-render-util0-dev libxcb-util-dev libxcb-xinerama0-dev libxcb-xkb-dev libxkbcommon-dev libxkbcommon-x11-dev libatspi2.0-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev freeglut3-dev build-essential gawk git texinfo bison file wget libssl-dev gdbserver gdb-multiarch libxcb-cursor-dev

Bou die nuutste cmake-weergawe vanaf die bron:

cd ~
wget https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.30.5/cmake-3.30.5.tar.gz
tar -xzvf cmake-3.30.5.tar.gz
cd cmake-3.30.5
./bootstrap
make -j$(nproc)
sudo make install
# Update PATH Environment Variable
which cmake
/usr/local/bin/cmake
export PATH=/usr/local/bin/cmake:$PATH
source ~/.bashrc
cmake --version

Bou gcc as 'n kruissamesteller

Laai die nodige bronkode af. Jy moet die volgende opdragte volgens jou behoeftes verander. Vir die tyd wat ek hierdie bladsy maak, is hulle:

GCC 12.2.0
binutils 2.40 (ld-weergawe)
glibc 2.36 (ldd-weergawe)

cd ~
mkdir gcc_all && cd gcc_all
wget https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/binutils/binutils-2.40.tar.bz2
wget https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/glibc/glibc-2.36.tar.bz2
wget https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gcc/gcc-12.2.0/gcc-12.2.0.tar.gz
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux
tar xf binutils-2.40.tar.bz2
tar xf glibc-2.36.tar.bz2
tar xf gcc-12.2.0.tar.gz
rm *.tar.*
cd gcc-12.2.0
contrib/download_prerequisites

Maak 'n gids vir die samestellerinstallasie.

sudo mkdir -p /opt/cross-pi-gcc
sudo chown $USER /opt/cross-pi-gcc
export PATH=/opt/cross-pi-gcc/bin:$PATH

Kopieer die kernopskrifte in die bogenoemde gids.

cd ~/gcc_all
cd linux
KERNEL=kernel7
make ARCH=arm64 INSTALL_HDR_PATH=/opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu headers_install

Bou Binutils.

cd ~/gcc_all
mkdir build-binutils && cd build-binutils
../binutils-2.40/configure --prefix=/opt/cross-pi-gcc --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-arch=armv8 --disable-multilib
make -j 8
make install

Wysig gcc-12.2.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_linux.cpp. Voeg die volgende stukkie kode by.

#ifndef PATH_MAX
#define PATH_MAX 4096
#endif

Doen 'n gedeeltelike bou van gcc.

cd ~/gcc_all
mkdir build-gcc && cd build-gcc
../gcc-12.2.0/configure --prefix=/opt/cross-pi-gcc --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
make -j8 all-gcc
make install-gcc

Bou Glibc gedeeltelik.

cd ~/gcc_all
mkdir build-glibc && cd build-glibc
../glibc-2.36/configure --prefix=/opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu --build=$MACHTYPE --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-headers=/opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/include --disable-multilib libc_cv_forced_unwind=yes
make install-bootstrap-headers=yes install-headers
make -j8 csu/subdir_lib
install csu/crt1.o csu/crti.o csu/crtn.o /opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/lib
aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -nostdlib -nostartfiles -shared -x c /dev/null -o /opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/lib/libc.so
touch /opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/include/gnu/stubs.h

Terug na gcc.

cd ~/gcc_all/build-gcc
make -j8 all-target-libgcc
make install-target-libgcc

Voltooi die bou glibc.

cd ~/gcc_all/build-glibc
make -j8
make install

Voltooi die bou van gcc.

cd ~/gcc_all/build-gcc
make -j8
make install

Op hierdie stadium het ons 'n volledige kruissamesteller-gereedskapketting met gcc. Gids gcc_all is nie meer nodig nie. Jy kan dit uitvee.</:code19:></:code18:></:code17:></:code16:></:code15:></:code14:></:code13:></:code12:></:code11:></:code10:></:code9:></:code8:></:code7:>

Gebou Qt6

Daar is twee moontlikhede om Qt6 te bou. Daar is 'n "single" (https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/6.8/6.8.0/single/qt-everywhere-src-6.8.0.tar.xz) weergawe om af te laai, wat qtbase en alle submodules bevat. Dit is baie swaar goed en het baie krag en tyd nodig om dit saam te stel.

My aanbeveling is om qtbase as basis saam te stel en daarna slegs elke submodule wat jy benodig afsonderlik saam te stel.

Maak vouers vir sysroot en qt6. Ek skep hierdie vouers in my werkspasie/qt-rpi-cross-compilation-gids.

cd ~/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation
mkdir rpi-sysroot rpi-sysroot/usr rpi-sysroot/opt
mkdir qt6 qt6/host qt6/pi qt6/host-build qt6/pi-build qt6/src

Laai QtBase-bronkode af

cd ~/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/src
wget https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/6.8/6.8.0/submodules/qtbase-everywhere-src-6.8.0.tar.xz
tar xf qtbase-everywhere-src-6.8.0.tar.xz

Bou Qt6 vir gasheer

cd ~/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/host-build/
cmake ../src/qtbase-everywhere-src-6.8.0/ -GNinja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DQT_BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF -DQT_BUILD_TESTS=OFF -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/qt6/host
cmake --build . --parallel 8
cmake --install .

Binaries sal in ~ / workspace / qt-rpi-cross-compilation / qt6 / host wees

Bou Qt6 vir rpi

Kopieer en plak 'n paar vouers vanaf rpi met behulp van rsync deur SSH.

cd ~
rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" pi@192.168.2.167:/usr/include workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/rpi-sysroot/usr
rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" pi@192.168.2.167:/lib workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/rpi-sysroot
rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" pi@192.168.2.167:/usr/lib workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/rpi-sysroot/usr 
rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" pi@192.168.2.167:/opt/vc workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/rpi-sysroot/opt

Skep 'n lêer met die naam toolchain.cmake in ~/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6. U moet die reël "set (TARGET_SYSROOT / home / factory / workspace / qt-rpi-cross-compilation / rpi-sysroot)" aanpas by u omgewing.

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.18)
include_guard(GLOBAL)

set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR arm)

# You should change location of sysroot to your needs.
set(TARGET_SYSROOT /home/factory/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/rpi-sysroot)
set(TARGET_ARCHITECTURE aarch64-linux-gnu)
set(CMAKE_SYSROOT ${TARGET_SYSROOT})

set(ENV{PKG_CONFIG_PATH} $PKG_CONFIG_PATH:${CMAKE_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/pkgconfig)
set(ENV{PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR} /usr/lib/pkgconfig:/usr/share/pkgconfig/:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/pkgconfig:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/pkgconfig)
set(ENV{PKG_CONFIG_SYSROOT_DIR} ${CMAKE_SYSROOT})

set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER /opt/cross-pi-gcc/bin/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}-gcc)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER /opt/cross-pi-gcc/bin/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}-g++)

set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -isystem=/usr/include -isystem=/usr/local/include -isystem=/usr/include/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS}")

set(QT_COMPILER_FLAGS "-march=armv8-a")
set(QT_COMPILER_FLAGS_RELEASE "-O2 -pipe")
set(QT_LINKER_FLAGS "-Wl,-O1 -Wl,--hash-style=gnu -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-rpath-link=${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE} -Wl,-rpath-link=$HOME/qt6/pi/lib")

set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)
set(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH TRUE)
set(CMAKE_BUILD_RPATH ${TARGET_SYSROOT})

include(CMakeInitializeConfigs)

function(cmake_initialize_per_config_variable _PREFIX _DOCSTRING)
  if (_PREFIX MATCHES "CMAKE_(C|CXX|ASM)_FLAGS")
    set(CMAKE_${CMAKE_MATCH_1}_FLAGS_INIT "${QT_COMPILER_FLAGS}")
        
    foreach (config DEBUG RELEASE MINSIZEREL RELWITHDEBINFO)
      if (DEFINED QT_COMPILER_FLAGS_${config})
        set(CMAKE_${CMAKE_MATCH_1}_FLAGS_${config}_INIT "${QT_COMPILER_FLAGS_${config}}")
      endif()
    endforeach()
  endif()


  if (_PREFIX MATCHES "CMAKE_(SHARED|MODULE|EXE)_LINKER_FLAGS")
    foreach (config SHARED MODULE EXE)
      set(CMAKE_${config}_LINKER_FLAGS_INIT "${QT_LINKER_FLAGS}")
    endforeach()
  endif()

  _cmake_initialize_per_config_variable(${ARGV})
endfunction()

set(XCB_PATH_VARIABLE ${TARGET_SYSROOT})

set(GL_INC_DIR ${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/include)
set(GL_LIB_DIR ${TARGET_SYSROOT}:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib)

set(EGL_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(EGL_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libEGL.so)

set(OPENGL_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(OPENGL_opengl_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libOpenGL.so)

set(GLESv2_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(GLIB_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libGLESv2.so)

set(GLESv2_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(GLESv2_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libGLESv2.so)

set(gbm_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(gbm_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libgbm.so)

set(Libdrm_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(Libdrm_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libdrm.so)

set(XCB_XCB_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(XCB_XCB_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libxcb.so)

list(APPEND CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH ${CMAKE_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE})
list(APPEND CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH "/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/cmake")

Maak absolute simboliese skakels reg

cd ~/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/riscv/riscv-poky/master/scripts/sysroot-relativelinks.py
chmod +x sysroot-relativelinks.py 
python3 sysroot-relativelinks.py rpi-sysroot

Stel bronkode saam vir rpi.

cd $HOME/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/pi-build
cmake ../src/qtbase-everywhere-src-6.8.0/ -GNinja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DINPUT_opengl=es2 -DQT_BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF -DQT_BUILD_TESTS=OFF -DQT_HOST_PATH=$HOME/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/host -DCMAKE_STAGING_PREFIX=$HOME/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/pi -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/qt6 -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=$HOME/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/toolchain.cmake -DQT_QMAKE_TARGET_MKSPEC=devices/linux-rasp-pi4-aarch64 -DQT_FEATURE_xcb=ON -DFEATURE_xcb_xlib=ON -DQT_FEATURE_xlib=ON
cmake --build . --parallel 8
cmake --install .

Stuur die binaries na rpi.

rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" $HOME/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/pi/* pi@192.168.2.167:/usr/local/qt6

Stel QtCreator op

Stel samestellers op
Stel ontfouters op
Stel toestelle op
Toets die verbinding met die knoppie "Toets"
Stel Qt-weergawes op
Stel kits op
Klik op "CMake-konfigurasie" Verander en voeg volgopdragte by.

-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE:UNINITIALIZED=/home/pmy/qt6/pi/lib/cmake/Qt6/qt.toolchain.cmake

QtCreator-projekte-instellings

As jy 'n projek in QtCreator skep, moet jy die "Run" konfigurasie aanpas. By "Environment" moet jy byvoeg:

-LD_LIBRARY_PATH=:/usr/local/qt6/lib/

Voeg Qt-submodules by

Voeg QML-module by

Laai bronkodes af:

cd ~/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/src
wget https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/6.8/6.8.0/submodules/qtshadertools-everywhere-src-6.8.0.tar.xz
tar xf qtshadertools-everywhere-src-6.8.0.tar.xz
wget https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/6.8/6.8.0/submodules/qtdeclarative-everywhere-src-6.8.0.tar.xz
tar xf qtdeclarative-everywhere-src-6.8.0.tar.xz

Jy moet afhanklikhede by ~/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/src/qtdeclarative-everywhere-src-6.8.0/dependencies.yaml en ~/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/src/qtshadertools-everywhere-src-6.8.0/dependencies.yamlnagaan.

Maak seker dat die vereiste modules eers gebou en geïnstalleer moet word.

Bou die modules vir gasheer.

cd ~/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/host-build
rm -rf *
$HOME/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/host/bin/qt-configure-module ../src/qtshadertools-everywhere-src-6.8.0
cmake --build . --parallel 8
cmake --install .
rm -rf *
$HOME/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/host/bin/qt-configure-module ../src/qtdeclarative-everywhere-src-6.8.0
cmake --build . --parallel 8
cmake --install .

Bou die modules vir rpi

cd ~/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/pi-build
rm -rf *
$HOME/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/pi/bin/qt-configure-module ../src/qtshadertools-everywhere-src-6.8.0
cmake --build . --parallel 8
cmake --install .
rm -rf *
$HOME/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/pi/bin/qt-configure-module ../src/qtdeclarative-everywhere-src-6.8.0
cmake --build . --parallel 8
cmake --install .

Stuur die binaries na rpi.

rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" $HOME/workspace/qt-rpi-cross-compilation/qt6/pi/* pi@192.168.2.167:/usr/local/qt6

Erkennings

Bronne wat gebruik word om hierdie instruksies te skep:

Dankie aan almal.

Inleiding

Voorvereistes

Notas

Stel Raspberry Pi op

Stel Ubuntu 22.04 LTS op

Bou die nuutste cmake-weergawe vanaf die bron:

Bou gcc as 'n kruissamesteller

Gebou Qt6

Bou Qt6 vir gasheer

Bou Qt6 vir rpi

Stel QtCreator op

QtCreator-projekte-instellings

Voeg Qt-submodules by

Voeg QML-module by

Erkennings

admin

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Begin nou jou projek

Inleiding

Voorvereistes

Notas

Stel Raspberry Pi op

Stel Ubuntu 22.04 LTS op

Bou die nuutste cmake-weergawe vanaf die bron:

Bou gcc as 'n kruissamesteller

Gebou Qt6

Bou Qt6 vir gasheer

Bou Qt6 vir rpi

Stel QtCreator op

QtCreator-projekte-instellings

Voeg Qt-submodules by

Voeg QML-module by

Erkennings

Jy sal dalk ook belangstel in:

Begin nou jou projek